Here is a list of some of my favorite learning resources that I've come across.
Strogatz - Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos: This book presents mathematics in a very readable way and introduces many important aspects of dynamical systems. I believe it's the best first book on the subject out there!
3Brown1Blue - Differential Equations: Video series which gives great visualizations to certain concepts in differential equations/dynamical systems.
Axler - Linear Algebra Done Right: Presents all the classic concepts of linear algebra in a clean way. Determinants aren't discussed until the end of the book.
Rudin - Principles of Mathematical Analysis: A classic text in real analysis. Used in Math 140 series at UCSD.
Nand2Tetris: An introductory project-based course for learning how computers work from logic gates to high-level programming languages. Every step builds towards an 8-bit "Hack" virtual computer with it's own custom language.
Computer Architecture: A Quantitative Approach: A more modern, in-depth text on computer architecture. Requires an understanding of the fundementals.
Ben Eater - Breadboard Computer: Video series detailing computer build using just transistors and LEDs on breadboard.
Ben Eater - 6502 Microprocessor: Walks through building breadboard computer with 6502 microprocessor. Great for learning about memory management and retro-computing.
Asianometry: In depth videos on the semi-conductor industry and the history of chip design/manufacturing.
Dordal - Introduction to Computer Networks: Comprehensive explanation of packets, network protocols, DNS, and basically everything else.
Ben Eater - Networking Tutorial: Explains key concepts in networking with good visualizations.